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How much did Stephen Toub's AI-driven Copilot Rust port cost in tokens and time?

Answered from Microsoft Distinguished Eng: Why And How To Port Your Entire Codebase to Rust | Stephen Toub · Ryan Peterman · 2026-11-02

Stephen Toub calculated from his session logs about 136 billion tokens, roughly $120,000 at the public prices OpenAI and Anthropic listed, before any discounts. His own time was about a fifth of 15 weeks, or around three weeks, since he ran other work in parallel. He had estimated 150,000 lines and six to eight weeks; the port grew to about 450,000 lines because of fast incoming code and logic moved down from the CLI.

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▸More from this episode

Q1Why did Stephen Toub rewrite the GitHub Copilot runtime from TypeScript to Rust?Q2Why did Stephen Toub choose Rust over C#, Go or Java for the Copilot runtime?Q3How did Stephen Toub's incremental Copilot port compare with Bun's big-bang Rust rewrite?Q4How did Stephen Toub catch regressions when AI agents ported the Copilot codebase to Rust?Q5What did Stephen Toub say about AI agents changing tests to make code pass?Q6How did Stephen Toub review hundreds of thousands of lines of AI-written code?Q8How does Stephen Toub decide whether a codebase rewrite or migration is worth doing?
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